Preliminary Findings on How Contextual Performance Affects Social Emotions and Well-Being in Virtual Teams: Why Giving Is More Blessed than Receiving

Abstract

Virtual teams have become a dominant form of digital collaboration, where trace data enable rich assessments of work performance. Yet, prior research has primarily emphasized task performance, overlooking contextual performance such as helping behaviours. Grounded in the performance monitoring-well-being mechanism, this study examines how different dimensions of performance shape members' well-being through two types of social emotions that accumulate over time. Using a two-wave longitudinal design, we find that contextual performance fosters accumulated gratitude, which subsequently enhances well-being, whereas task performance shows no comparable effect. These findings establish contextual performance as a meaningful dimension of performance measurement and highlight the cumulative role of social emotions in shaping well-being in digital collaboration. Moreover, this study extends the performance monitoring-well-being mechanism by incorporating distinct social emotional pathways, thereby broadening its emotional scope. Finally, this research contributes to the IS literature by enriching user well-being theory with a novel emotional antecedent and pointing to new opportunities for examining cumulative emotional dynamics. Practical implications and limitations are also discussed.

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