Abstract

Background: This study conducts an expansive quantitative and semi-systematic qualitative review of the Information Systems for Sustainability (ISS) literature. We synthesize a novel theoretical framework by combining the Multi-level Framework (MLF), the Research Value Space (RVS) model, and the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) model to help capture the managerial dimensions of the MLF, the research impact aspect of the RVS, and the holistic approach of the TBL to identify problems and research gaps fully.

Methods: The review was conducted in two phases. First, we extracted a large dataset from the Scopus database (5k publications) and applied a cluster analysis. Second, we identified the top-cited articles from the dataset and used them to conduct co-citation and bibliographic coupling analyses, and to conduct an in-depth, semi-systematic, qualitative review using the synthesized theoretical framework.

Results: ISS research spans four disciplines and clusters into three broad themes. Notable achievements include enhancing firm performance, transitioning from a Green IT/IS to an ISS focus, the emergence of more design-oriented research, and a global scope. Research remains fragmented within disciplinary silos and insufficiently focuses on the social, external, and psychological dimensions of the combined framework. There continues to be a lack of Impact research. Certain themes, such as emerging technologies, sustainability strategy, vulnerable nations, and rebound effects of ISS, need further exploration.

Conclusions: This study celebrates the achievements and identifies unresolved gaps in ISS research. It exposes the silos in which researchers operate and calls for collaboration across disciplines. It calls out the climate justice digital divide and the rebound effects of information system solutions. We hope to inspire future investigations into both the theory and practice of ISS. Engaging with the proposed research agenda could advance the academic field and lead to practical innovations that enhance the sustainability of businesses and communities. 

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