Abstract
Hybrid watermarking embeds several digital watermarks into the host signal. Applications of hybrid watermarking include the European project OCTALIS enabling image trading over the Internet, and the DPRI project in Hong Kong facilitating secure digital music distribution using Web technologies. These applications need hybrid watermarking for copyright protection due to the fact that their host media carrying a number of signatures/messages (represented by watermarks); including owner identity, consumer identity, license reference, promotion materials and so on. The number of bits carried by a watermark could be as low as one bit or as high as several hundred bits using multiplebit watermarking and one-bit watermarking respectively. Processing time, storage requirement, biterror- rate (BER) and capacity of hybrid watermarking are concerns in these applications. In this paper, we introduce four basic hybrid audio watermarking schemes using one-bit and multiple-bit watermarking for audio applications, and evaluate the performance of these hybrid audio watermarking schemes, in terms of the BER and the capacity. The findings of this paper are beneficial to business management in evaluating copyright protection systems for online business.
Recommended Citation
Kwok, Sai Ho, "Hybrid Audio Watermarking for Copyright Protection" (2002). PACIS 2002 Proceedings. 98.
https://aisel.aisnet.org/pacis2002/98