Abstract

Hacking back or retaliating against cyber attackers through offensive means is a controversial and complex issue that has garnered significant attention recently. This paper provides a valuable resource for understanding the complexities and implications of hacking back in the context of cybersecurity. This paper provides a scoping review of the existing literature on hacking back, focusing on a standardized definition, identifying trends in the literature, and exploring alternatives to counterattacking. Based on the analysis, the study finds that hacking back is a subject with polarizing viewpoints on its effectiveness and ethics. While some argue that it is a necessary tool to deter cyber attackers and protect against threats, others raise concerns about its legality and potential unintended consequences. The study highlights the need for further empirical and scholarly research to explore alternative solutions, attribution, legal frameworks, and modifications to existing laws on hacking back.

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