Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) resources are increasingly integrated into smart city technologies, yet conclusive evidence of their value creation potential remains fragmented. Building on the Quadruple Helix model and sociotechnical perspectives, this study will adopt meta-analytic methods to examine how AI capabilities act as sociotechnical systems in which AI functions as a quasi-actor influencing value cocreation among smart city stakeholders. Meta-analytic methods will help us consolidate fragmented empirical findings in the prior literature across different domains on AI capabilities in smart cities, and enable us better clarity on two guiding issues. First, the extent to which smart city AI-capabilities impact value co-creation outcomes among various stakeholders, such as the academic, businesses, civic society, and government. And, second, what are the contingency effects of different stakeholder constellations, such as government–citizen partnerships and university–business collaborations? We will also examine the moderating effects of methodological and contextual aspects of prior literature on smart cities. Results of the study will clarify the role of AI in value co-creation and offer governance recommendations for key decision makers in the smart city ecosystems.

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