Abstract

During past decades, enterprise systems (ES) are becoming increasingly popular and numerous IS researchers have investigated the adoption of ES. Most of them investigated ERP adoption at the firm level. Few papers investigate ES adoption at multi-level. On the basis of TOE model, this paper propose a multi-level framework that specifies the country-level, the firm-level, and the cross-level effects, examining the effects of two country-level variables and three firm-level factors on ES adoption. We found that a country’s uncertainty avoidance orientation has a positive impact on ES adoption. In addition, the positive impacts of firm size and technology competence on ES adoption become stronger with the increase in a country’s maturity of IT-related law. The study extends the TOE framework by using a multi-level perspective to understand ES adoption. The authors conclude the paper with a discussion of the study’s implications for practice and future research.

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