Abstract

In 2018, investments in AI rapidly increased by over 50 percent compared to the previous year and reached 19.1 billion USD. However, little is known about the necessary AI-specific requirements or readiness factors to ensure a successful organizational implementation of this technological innovation. Additionally, extant IS research has largely overlooked the possible strategic impact on processes, structures, and management of AI investments. Drawing on TOE framework, different factors are identified and then validated conducting 12 expert interviews with 14 interviewees regarding their applicability on the adoption process of artificial intelligence. The results strongly suggest that the general TOE framework, which has been applied to other technologies such as cloud computing, needs to be revisited and extended to be used in this specific context. Exemplary, new factors emerged which include data – in particular, availability, quality and protection of data – as well as regulatory issues arising from the newly introduced GDPR. Our study thus provides an expanded TOE framework adapted to the specific requirements of artificial intelligence adoption as well as 12 propositions regarding the particular effects of the suggested factors, which could serve as a basis for future AI adoption research and guide managerial decision-making.

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