Abstract

Artificial intelligence is a pillar of port digital transformation, but longitudinal studies assessing the sociotechnical implications of AI in logistics are lacking. This paper presents a two-year design science research project aimed at the intelligent and green transformation of ports and logistics in Portugal. We present a framework for AI-enabled port transformations, grounded in a set of design principles that emerged from different AI instantiations deployed in a joint collaboration with practitioners. Our work reveals three different stages of AI-enabled transformation, namely (1) exploration, (2) integration, and (3) exploitation. Each stage requires a different strategy to maximize the value of AI, while keeping the momentum of change that is required to (1) continuously feed the AI infrastructure with reliable data and (2) ensure that systems can cope with varying operating conditions that are common in large-scale logistic networks. Our contribution may assist companies on the sometimes long, not always straightforward journey of AI adoption in business.

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