Abstract

Digital inclusion is a prominent yet conceptually fragmented topic within Information Systems (IS) research. This theoretical literature review addresses the lack of conceptual clarity by analysing perspectives examined in the IS on how digital technologies and digital contexts intersect with inclusion. We identify two dominant orientations: (1) social Digital Inclusion (sDI), which focuses on inclusive engagement with digital technologies, and (2) digital Social Inclusion (dSI), which emphasises how digital technologies facilitate broader social participation. By distinguishing these streams, we reveal key differences in analytical focus and inclusion outcomes, highlighting convergence areas. Building on this analysis, we propose an integrative framework that depicts digital inclusion as a continuum of socio-digital engagement and consequences. This conceptualisation of digital inclusion advances theoretical clarity and provides a foundation for future IS research to navigate the complex and evolving landscape at the intersection of digital and social inclusion.

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