Abstract

As AI continues to shape the healthcare landscape, addressing transparency concerns is critical to fostering trust and improving patient outcomes. A Pew Research study reveals that 57% of respondents believe AI in healthcare would negatively impact the patient-provider relationship, mainly due to mistrust stemming from AI's lack of social presence, black-box nature, bias, and opacity. Transparency in AI algorithms has been proposed as a key solution to bridging this trust gap, yet research on its effectiveness remains mixed. This study explores the relationship between AI transparency and trust in healthcare AI, examining how AI accuracy influences patient trust and satisfaction in the patient-provider relationship. Data from 655 MTurk respondents show that transparency significantly impacts trust, while perceived AI accuracy is less critical. Interestingly, less accurate AI systems were seen as increasing trust in AI and enhancing attitudes toward its use, perhaps due to higher perceived human oversight.

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