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Information Technology for Development

Author ORCID Identifier

Shu Li: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1751-8738

Mohd Fahmi Ghazali: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-7208

Stephanie Hui-Wen Chuah: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2032-7521

Wai-Yan Wong: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4140-1890

Ruzita Abdul Rahim: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2011-2014

Abstract

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has transformed financial access, enabling fintech to deliver efficient services, notably to previously excluded women. Using a provincial panel dataset from China spanning 11 years (2010-2021), we employ econometric techniques, including fixed-effect models and two-step generalized method of moments (GMM), to address potential endogeneity and heteroskedasticity concerns. Drawing on the Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) theoretical framework, this research introduces financial inclusion as a mediating variable, offering novel insights into how ICT-enabled financial innovations influence gender-based economic disparities. The findings indicate that financial technology reduces gender income inequality, with this effect partially mediated by enhanced financial inclusion. However, the impact of fintech adoption varies across economic regions, with more pronounced effects in less developed areas. This study advances our understanding of fintech’s role in bridging gender-based economic divides and offers empirical evidence to inform targeted policies and interventions. The results are particularly relevant for policymakers, fintech companies, and educators seeking to promote gender equality and financial inclusion. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to create a more equitable and inclusive society in which women have equal access to financial resources and opportunities, thereby fostering economic growth and social well-being.

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