Abstract

In this The rapid global expansion of AI ethics research starkly contrasts West Africa's limited local data, research capacity, and heavy reliance on externally developed AI technologies. This study identifies the root causes of unethical AI outcomes in West African contexts, highlighting the interaction between limited resources, global power dynamics, and local social norms from the perspective of local AI developers. It offers critical insights into how these factors shape ethical outcomes in AI deployment within postcolonial environments. Grounded in critical social and postcolonial theories, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 45 AI developers across West Africa. Critical thematic analysis was employed to understand power dynamics, algorithmic colonialism, technological mimicry, data sovereignty, and decolonisation efforts within AI ethics. Our study reveals significant power imbalances perpetuated by multinational corporations and institutions from the Global North, resulting in digital imperialism. West African developers expressed concerns about algorithm colonisation, emphasising the imposition of Western-centric AI technologies and ethical frameworks that fail to reflect local socio-cultural realities. This dependence fosters technological mimicry, reinforces cultural erasure, and marginalises local innovation. Additionally, the absence of local data sovereignty limits the region's autonomy, perpetuating historical colonial power dynamics. This research provides an original contribution by integrating postcolonial theory into AI ethics discussions, highlighting critical ethical challenges faced by AI developers in West Africa. The findings advocate for decolonising AI through localised innovation, culturally sensitive technologies, and policies that reflect regional needs and values. This approach promotes inclusive and ethical AI development, emphasising local data ownership, educational reform, and regulatory frameworks that empower postcolonial regions.

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