Paper Number
ICIS2025-1289
Paper Type
Short
Abstract
This paper introduces narcissistic entrapment as a novel form of algorithmic harm in human–AI relationships. Whereas Information Systems (IS) research has primarily emphasized fairness, accountability, and transparency, we argue that affective harms remain under-theorized. Drawing on Lacanian psychoanalysis, we conceptualize narcissistic entrapment as a psychological loop in which AI companions mirror and affirm idealized versions of the self through sycophantic feedback, collapsing symbolic difference, and reinforcing self-absorption. Unlike human relationships, which involve friction, AI companions offer frictionless affirmation that deepens dependency while undermining emotional resilience. By clarifying Lacanian concepts such as the Mirror Stage, Imaginary, narcissism, and desire, we make them accessible as tools for analyzing AI intimacy. We position IS research to contribute uniquely by theorizing how sociotechnical design shapes identity, attachment, and vulnerability. Our framework advances the study of algorithmic harm by expanding its scope to include the recursive, psychological consequences of AI companionship.
Recommended Citation
Lima, Vitor and Belk, Russell, "Algorithmic Harm in Human-AI Relationships: Narcissistic Entrapment" (2025). ICIS 2025 Proceedings. 5.
https://aisel.aisnet.org/icis2025/ethical_is/ethical_is/5
Algorithmic Harm in Human-AI Relationships: Narcissistic Entrapment
This paper introduces narcissistic entrapment as a novel form of algorithmic harm in human–AI relationships. Whereas Information Systems (IS) research has primarily emphasized fairness, accountability, and transparency, we argue that affective harms remain under-theorized. Drawing on Lacanian psychoanalysis, we conceptualize narcissistic entrapment as a psychological loop in which AI companions mirror and affirm idealized versions of the self through sycophantic feedback, collapsing symbolic difference, and reinforcing self-absorption. Unlike human relationships, which involve friction, AI companions offer frictionless affirmation that deepens dependency while undermining emotional resilience. By clarifying Lacanian concepts such as the Mirror Stage, Imaginary, narcissism, and desire, we make them accessible as tools for analyzing AI intimacy. We position IS research to contribute uniquely by theorizing how sociotechnical design shapes identity, attachment, and vulnerability. Our framework advances the study of algorithmic harm by expanding its scope to include the recursive, psychological consequences of AI companionship.
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