Paper Number
ECIS2026-2100
Paper Type
SP
Abstract
AI anthropomorphism challenges the distinction between humans and technology. On the one hand, its human-likeness and social presence enable a heightened sense of identification with technology and an intention to continue using it; on the other hand, it poses a threat to identity by making users feel less human in comparison, which, in turn, triggers a lower intention to continue using it. Preliminary results from a survey of 306 participants suggest that the two effects of AI anthropomorphism on identity exert conflicting influences on AI continuance intention, partially offsetting each other. This insight suggests that the positive effects of AI anthropomorphism can be enhanced by mitigating self-dehumanisation and identity threat in users. Furthermore, it highlights the need for further investigation of the adverse aspects of AI anthropomorphism.
Recommended Citation
Wolf, Vinzenz, "The Janus Face Of AI Anthropomorphism – Building and Threatening Users' Identities" (2026). ECIS 2026 Proceedings. 7.
https://aisel.aisnet.org/ecis2026/ai_anthro/ai_anthro/7
The Janus Face Of AI Anthropomorphism – Building and Threatening Users' Identities
AI anthropomorphism challenges the distinction between humans and technology. On the one hand, its human-likeness and social presence enable a heightened sense of identification with technology and an intention to continue using it; on the other hand, it poses a threat to identity by making users feel less human in comparison, which, in turn, triggers a lower intention to continue using it. Preliminary results from a survey of 306 participants suggest that the two effects of AI anthropomorphism on identity exert conflicting influences on AI continuance intention, partially offsetting each other. This insight suggests that the positive effects of AI anthropomorphism can be enhanced by mitigating self-dehumanisation and identity threat in users. Furthermore, it highlights the need for further investigation of the adverse aspects of AI anthropomorphism.
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